Male
Urogenital Triangle
The male urogenital triangle contains the penis and the scrotum.
Penis
The penis consists of a root, a body, and a glans. The root
of the penis consists of three masses of erectile tissue called the bulb of the
penis and the right and left crura of the penis. The bulb can be felt on deep
palpation in the midline of the perineum, posterior to the scrotum.
The body of the penis is the free portion of the penis, which
is suspended from the symphysis pubis. Note that the dorsal surface (anterior
surface of the flaccid organ) usually possesses a superficial dorsal vein in
the midline The glans penis forms the extremity of the body of the penis. At
the summit of the glans is the external urethral meatus. Extending from the lower
margin of the external meatus is a fold connecting the glans to the prepuce
called the frenulum. The edge of the base of the glans is called the corona.
The prepuce or foreskin is formed by a fold of skin attached to the neck of the
penis. The prepuce covers the glans for a variable extent, and it should be
possible to retract it over the glans.
Scrotum
The scrotum is a sac of skin and fascia containing the
testes and the epididymides. The skin of the scrotum is rugose and is covered
with sparse hairs. The bilateral origin of the scrotum is indicated by the presence
of a dark line in the midline, called the scrotal raphe, along the line of
fusion
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.
Testes
The testes should be palpated. They are oval shaped and have
a firm consistency. They lie free within the tunica vaginalis and are not
tethered to the subcutaneous tissue or skin.
Epididymides
Each epididymis can be palpated on the posterolateral
surface of the testis. The epididymis is a long, narrow, firm structure having
an expanded upper end or head, a body, and a pointed tail inferiorly. The
cordlike vas deferens emerges from the tail and ascends medial to the
epididymis to enter the spermatic cord at the upper end of the scrotum.
Female
Urogenital Triangle
Vulva
“Vulva” is the term applied to the female external genitalia
Mons Pubis
The mons pubis is the rounded, hair-bearing elevation of skin
found anterior to the pubis. The pubic hair in the female has an abrupt
horizontal superior margin, whereas in the male it extends upward to the umbilicus.
Labia Majora
The labia majora are prominent, hair-bearing folds of skin extending
posteriorly from the mons pubis to unite posteriorly in the midline
.
.
Labia Minora
The labia minora are two smaller, hairless folds of soft
skin that lie between the labia majora . Their posterior ends are united to
form a sharp fold, the fourchette. Anteriorly, they split to enclose the
clitoris, forming an anterior prepuce and a posterior frenulum
Vestibule
The vestibule is a smooth triangular area bounded laterally by
the labia minora, with the clitoris at its apex and the fourchette at its base.
Vaginal Orifice
The vaginal orifice is protected in virgins by a thin
mucosal fold called the hymen, which is perforated at its center. At the first
coitus, the hymen tears, usually posteriorly or posterolaterally, and after
childbirth only a few tags of the hymen remain .
Clitoris
This is situated at the apex of the vestibule anteriorly. The
glans of the clitoris is partly hidden by the prepuce.
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